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	<title>Comments for TIME PHYSICS BLOG</title>
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	<description>PHYSICS AND PHILOSOPHY OF TIME</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Sun, 15 Jan 2012 09:06:26 -0800</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>Comment on What is time by Gavin Lockey</title>
		<link>http://timephysics.com/blog/2009/06/10/what-is-time/comment-page-2/#comment-2862</link>
		<dc:creator>Gavin Lockey</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Jan 2012 09:06:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://timephysics.com/blog/?p=5#comment-2862</guid>
		<description>I have no great knowledge on the subject but it appears to me that &quot;time&quot; is a completely illusionary construct to help people make sense of their &quot;realities&quot;. that being the perceptions and memory illusions brought about by the impact of the senses upon the brain and the mind constructs that follow on from these. i apologise if this appears simplistic, I&#039;m a pretty dumb guy really.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I have no great knowledge on the subject but it appears to me that &#8220;time&#8221; is a completely illusionary construct to help people make sense of their &#8220;realities&#8221;. that being the perceptions and memory illusions brought about by the impact of the senses upon the brain and the mind constructs that follow on from these. i apologise if this appears simplistic, I&#8217;m a pretty dumb guy really.</p>
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		<title>Comment on What is time by Simon Morley</title>
		<link>http://timephysics.com/blog/2009/06/10/what-is-time/comment-page-2/#comment-2861</link>
		<dc:creator>Simon Morley</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Jan 2012 09:00:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://timephysics.com/blog/?p=5#comment-2861</guid>
		<description>Time is change. The measurement and calibration of change. And the term for the aggregation of all change. Its an illusion, borne of the constant rhythmic change of the earths rotation, to think of time as an &quot;entity&quot; or &quot;dimension&quot; or flow&quot; itself. Its an abstract. Its just a measurement of or aggregation of change. Without change there is no time.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Time is change. The measurement and calibration of change. And the term for the aggregation of all change. Its an illusion, borne of the constant rhythmic change of the earths rotation, to think of time as an &#8220;entity&#8221; or &#8220;dimension&#8221; or flow&#8221; itself. Its an abstract. Its just a measurement of or aggregation of change. Without change there is no time.</p>
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		<title>Comment on What is time by Time</title>
		<link>http://timephysics.com/blog/2009/06/10/what-is-time/comment-page-2/#comment-2618</link>
		<dc:creator>Time</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 05 Nov 2011 20:51:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://timephysics.com/blog/?p=5#comment-2618</guid>
		<description>We all know what time is. It’s the ticking of a clock, the whine of an alarm, the calendar on the wall. And since we all agree about how those things work, time can seem as solid as a rock. I would like to share http://www.what-is-time.net/ , find more useful information about what is time there.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We all know what time is. It’s the ticking of a clock, the whine of an alarm, the calendar on the wall. And since we all agree about how those things work, time can seem as solid as a rock. I would like to share <a href="http://www.what-is-time.net/" rel="nofollow">http://www.what-is-time.net/</a> , find more useful information about what is time there.</p>
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		<title>Comment on What is time by Bren Faust</title>
		<link>http://timephysics.com/blog/2009/06/10/what-is-time/comment-page-2/#comment-2590</link>
		<dc:creator>Bren Faust</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 30 Oct 2011 23:44:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://timephysics.com/blog/?p=5#comment-2590</guid>
		<description>If E=MC(P)2 and c=3*10(P)8 m/sec and 1 sec is say infinite in the presence of all matter(Energy)  at a point. Then E=0 i.e All Energy at rest nowhere never or always or any variation thereof. An unexcited or partially excited brain.  Gravity then becomes the natural tendancy of all mater to return to E=0 level 0 or all energy(matter) level 0 which is still 0, nowhere, never or always. Time is then a wave of now expanding to E=0. The expansion being our consept of Time. There can be many waves of now even one a second ago (maby dark mater/energy) . But in whatever now one finds oneself E=MC(P)2 and c must have reached a breakout potential of which we know 3*10(P)8 metres in one of our seconds, works, for us , anyway.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If E=MC(P)2 and c=3*10(P)8 m/sec and 1 sec is say infinite in the presence of all matter(Energy)  at a point. Then E=0 i.e All Energy at rest nowhere never or always or any variation thereof. An unexcited or partially excited brain.  Gravity then becomes the natural tendancy of all mater to return to E=0 level 0 or all energy(matter) level 0 which is still 0, nowhere, never or always. Time is then a wave of now expanding to E=0. The expansion being our consept of Time. There can be many waves of now even one a second ago (maby dark mater/energy) . But in whatever now one finds oneself E=MC(P)2 and c must have reached a breakout potential of which we know 3*10(P)8 metres in one of our seconds, works, for us , anyway.</p>
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		<title>Comment on What is time by Bren Faust</title>
		<link>http://timephysics.com/blog/2009/06/10/what-is-time/comment-page-2/#comment-2588</link>
		<dc:creator>Bren Faust</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 30 Oct 2011 23:04:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://timephysics.com/blog/?p=5#comment-2588</guid>
		<description>The explanation of time elongating, slowing, through curved space due to say a massive body cannot be correct because if the light from the star arrives say 1 second ago as a result of the period of deflection always being a negative then I cannot see it. It was not there when I was there. I can never see it. It always arrives 1 second ago. It can see me 1 second ago, if I exist one second ago (iffy) but I cannot see it. If it arrived 1 second from now, positive, then I will see it as it was 1 second ago. Imagine you moved back in time 1 second. You dissapear from the present. You can see everthing as it was one second ago, continuously. But nobody can see you. mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The explanation of time elongating, slowing, through curved space due to say a massive body cannot be correct because if the light from the star arrives say 1 second ago as a result of the period of deflection always being a negative then I cannot see it. It was not there when I was there. I can never see it. It always arrives 1 second ago. It can see me 1 second ago, if I exist one second ago (iffy) but I cannot see it. If it arrived 1 second from now, positive, then I will see it as it was 1 second ago. Imagine you moved back in time 1 second. You dissapear from the present. You can see everthing as it was one second ago, continuously. But nobody can see you. mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm.</p>
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		<title>Comment on What is time by Rob H.</title>
		<link>http://timephysics.com/blog/2009/06/10/what-is-time/comment-page-2/#comment-2206</link>
		<dc:creator>Rob H.</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 Sep 2011 02:20:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://timephysics.com/blog/?p=5#comment-2206</guid>
		<description>1. Time is NOT a &quot;dimension&quot; like length or width.
2. The &quot;four-vector&quot; paradigm of modern physics is wrong.
3. The expansion of space IS &quot;time&quot;.
4. Thus, we are always expanding into the future.
5. MAY be part of thermodynamics.
6. We cannot travel to the &quot;past&quot; or the &quot;future&quot;.
7. Acceleration of expansion of universe is wrong.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>1. Time is NOT a &#8220;dimension&#8221; like length or width.<br />
2. The &#8220;four-vector&#8221; paradigm of modern physics is wrong.<br />
3. The expansion of space IS &#8220;time&#8221;.<br />
4. Thus, we are always expanding into the future.<br />
5. MAY be part of thermodynamics.<br />
6. We cannot travel to the &#8220;past&#8221; or the &#8220;future&#8221;.<br />
7. Acceleration of expansion of universe is wrong.</p>
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		<title>Comment on What is time by Unknown</title>
		<link>http://timephysics.com/blog/2009/06/10/what-is-time/comment-page-2/#comment-2061</link>
		<dc:creator>Unknown</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://timephysics.com/blog/?p=5#comment-2061</guid>
		<description>It&#039;s an illusion....a memory.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It&#8217;s an illusion&#8230;.a memory.</p>
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		<title>Comment on What is time by Steve</title>
		<link>http://timephysics.com/blog/2009/06/10/what-is-time/comment-page-2/#comment-1793</link>
		<dc:creator>Steve</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 05 Jul 2011 20:15:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://timephysics.com/blog/?p=5#comment-1793</guid>
		<description>Time- The measurement of human reality.
 
 
 
 What is the equation to perception?? in this equation you
 will find time is a part of it.
 
 
 Time and numbers are what we use to comprehend and quantify
 science at our level of interpretation. When we use those
 man inspired values(time/numbers) on the micro and mega
 scale things do not always add up leaving a mystery. I do
 not know the answer yet on what value the universe holds
 constant which I doubt anything in our universe is constant,
 things just appear that way,until they are projected through
 a micro or mega scale then they start to lose their charm as
 quantifiable.
 
 
 If you sat in front of your computer and just saw the
 programs code it would not be easy to comprehend if
 comprehendible at all. Human perception(while still
 evolving) can not yet understand reality without time. It
 has almost been 100 years since the first commercial airline
 flight was made , and it&#039;s been centuries since the
 discovery of the world not being flat. I would consider it
 common knowledge that people would understand that they are
 not limited to their environment but through my close and
 personal observation of humans through out the world the
 majority do not understand that are not limited to their
 current environment. I call that &quot;flat world syndrome 2.0&quot;
 
 The Cardiel Paradox.. Time is both real and not real at the
 same time. Let me explain.- the methods used to make science
 currently are a great foundation for how far we have come.
 To continue to quantify in this case i&#039;ll use physics as my
 example we have measured as much as we can with our level of
 understanding to go beyond this we must look for new
 principle of physics that micro and mega elements are
 subject to. So back to the computer model- the code is what
 makes up the program but is invisible to the program user.
 lets go even further into binary code vs. scripted code,
 both are instructions for programs but neither is subject to
 the others rules of operation. Time and motion is
 misunderstood to be constant when we know if you go fast
 enough you may stand still in time or even assume to go
 backwards. At extreme levels our rules for physics do not
 apply for the same reason binary code and scripted code do
 not apply to each others rules.
 
 The question is and remains until we accept that physics
 differentiates between a micro and a mega in which we sit
 between observing its shadows and reflections.

P.S. Thnank Dr. Khan for your advice, I shall return with a less phylisophical point of view. Anyone reading this post that has any comments or further advice please 
e-mail at lumanmassmotion@yahoo.com</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Time- The measurement of human reality.</p>
<p> What is the equation to perception?? in this equation you<br />
 will find time is a part of it.</p>
<p> Time and numbers are what we use to comprehend and quantify<br />
 science at our level of interpretation. When we use those<br />
 man inspired values(time/numbers) on the micro and mega<br />
 scale things do not always add up leaving a mystery. I do<br />
 not know the answer yet on what value the universe holds<br />
 constant which I doubt anything in our universe is constant,<br />
 things just appear that way,until they are projected through<br />
 a micro or mega scale then they start to lose their charm as<br />
 quantifiable.</p>
<p> If you sat in front of your computer and just saw the<br />
 programs code it would not be easy to comprehend if<br />
 comprehendible at all. Human perception(while still<br />
 evolving) can not yet understand reality without time. It<br />
 has almost been 100 years since the first commercial airline<br />
 flight was made , and it&#8217;s been centuries since the<br />
 discovery of the world not being flat. I would consider it<br />
 common knowledge that people would understand that they are<br />
 not limited to their environment but through my close and<br />
 personal observation of humans through out the world the<br />
 majority do not understand that are not limited to their<br />
 current environment. I call that &#8220;flat world syndrome 2.0&#8243;</p>
<p> The Cardiel Paradox.. Time is both real and not real at the<br />
 same time. Let me explain.- the methods used to make science<br />
 currently are a great foundation for how far we have come.<br />
 To continue to quantify in this case i&#8217;ll use physics as my<br />
 example we have measured as much as we can with our level of<br />
 understanding to go beyond this we must look for new<br />
 principle of physics that micro and mega elements are<br />
 subject to. So back to the computer model- the code is what<br />
 makes up the program but is invisible to the program user.<br />
 lets go even further into binary code vs. scripted code,<br />
 both are instructions for programs but neither is subject to<br />
 the others rules of operation. Time and motion is<br />
 misunderstood to be constant when we know if you go fast<br />
 enough you may stand still in time or even assume to go<br />
 backwards. At extreme levels our rules for physics do not<br />
 apply for the same reason binary code and scripted code do<br />
 not apply to each others rules.</p>
<p> The question is and remains until we accept that physics<br />
 differentiates between a micro and a mega in which we sit<br />
 between observing its shadows and reflections.</p>
<p>P.S. Thnank Dr. Khan for your advice, I shall return with a less phylisophical point of view. Anyone reading this post that has any comments or further advice please<br />
e-mail at <a href="mailto:lumanmassmotion@yahoo.com">lumanmassmotion@yahoo.com</a></p>
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		<title>Comment on What is time by Dan</title>
		<link>http://timephysics.com/blog/2009/06/10/what-is-time/comment-page-2/#comment-1742</link>
		<dc:creator>Dan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Jun 2011 20:56:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://timephysics.com/blog/?p=5#comment-1742</guid>
		<description>@ Kieth
Email me or add me to facebook. dan.greene@live.com

We have similar ideas and I&#039;d like to collaborate sometime. Just to have someone to toss ideas back and forth with.

If you email me make the subject Space-Time to catch my attention.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@ Kieth<br />
Email me or add me to facebook. <a href="mailto:dan.greene@live.com">dan.greene@live.com</a></p>
<p>We have similar ideas and I&#8217;d like to collaborate sometime. Just to have someone to toss ideas back and forth with.</p>
<p>If you email me make the subject Space-Time to catch my attention.</p>
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		<title>Comment on What is time by Keith</title>
		<link>http://timephysics.com/blog/2009/06/10/what-is-time/comment-page-2/#comment-1740</link>
		<dc:creator>Keith</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Jun 2011 02:46:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://timephysics.com/blog/?p=5#comment-1740</guid>
		<description>How&#039;s this for a definition of time....

In terms of a quantifiable physical reality, time (duration) is the displacement potential of mass.  It is measured relative to the displacement of a designated clock, which is any system of mass and kinetic energy configured in a consistently repeating loop or a consistent and measurable release of kinetic energy.   

The notion of quantifying displacement POTENTIAL assumes that all matter is subject to the same physical laws governing movement or changes in movement. A limited number of designated clock cycles presumably corresponds consistently with limits realized by the displacement of any other mass.

In terms of a purely conceptual reality, time is the organizational construct through which one observes the dynamics of mass and energy within spatial dimensions.  It functions to logically order and index the succession of mass-energy configurations.  It allows us to index yet-unrealized displacement potential or displacement assumed. 

The common conceptual framework of time assumes: 

a) The total set of information describing all positions and trajectories of bodies within a frame of reference can be conceptualized as an &quot;instant&quot; of that frame&#039;s total configuration.  Conceptually, there exists an infinite number of successive configurations for every dynamic frame.   

b) Each succeeding configuration can be considered &quot;now&quot; as it unfolds from the previous configuration and would share referential simultaneity among all conditions contained within that instantiation.  Referential simultaneity differs from observational simultaneity in that it assumes the possibility of a single point of reference that could serve as the timing point for all dynamism within that frame.  As such, the subsequent passage of referential time would be precisely equal for all matter within that frame, regardless of velocity or influence of gravity.

If a single clock could be referenced instantly from anywhere in a given frame, it would tell referential time.  Such a clock&#039;s speed would appear either faster or slower depending an observer&#039;s relative velocity or gravitational influences, but all observers would experience each hour simultaneously.  Since no such clock or ability exists to our knowledge, referential time or simultaneity can only be inferred or approximated rather than observed directly.  

c) All displacement imposed by various forces upon a configuration fall into a cause-to-effect, before-to-after sequentiality. By &quot;cause&quot; we refer to the energy transfer.  By &quot;effect&quot; we refer to the kinetic yield of all bodies interacting in that transfer.  &quot;Before&quot; and &quot;past&quot; are cause-ward directional references.  &quot;After&quot; and &quot;future&quot; are effect-ward directional references.  The past could also be considered source-ward, where the future could be considered yield-ward.

Rational or mathematical models are able to represent change as a smooth and continuous progression, which feeds an impression that time may exist as fourth spacial dimension on a panoramic continuum, similar to that of the distance between x, y, and z coordinates.   Yet, as a whole, very little serious thought is given to traveling backward or foreword in time in exactly the same way we cross distance.  We intuitively understand that any given configuration was (is) the dynamic net result of the energy and inertia that yielded it, rather than the static properties of a particular position along space-time as represented in our conceptual framework. We accept that the only way to return to a specific set of conditions is to reverse-cause enough of the effects that followed those conditions so as to reestablish an approximate do-over configuration.  It is assumed no such power exists with the necessary force and precision to reverse-cause the entire universe back to the exact conditions correlating to a particular rotation sequence of the earth-clock.

As entertaining as the thought of time travel is, it is a self-contradictory concept as commonly portrayed.  When we discuss a body traveling across a distance, we assume a static frame of reference by which to assess the distance crossed, the movable object being the non-static exception.  The idea of traversing time, similarly, assumes a static frame of reference by which to assess the amount of time crossed.   As such, typically, we inadvertently stipulate the entire universe to provide that static timeline, the time traveler being the anomalous exception.  

But if the universe&#039;s timeline is not fixed with respect to the traveler, there is no reason to assume it to be fixed with respect to everything else, simply because we are able to conceptualize a static timeline in our minds as a frame of reference.  It cannot be assumed that every past moment is literally frozen, waiting for the enigmatic arrival of some time traveler, when the traveler him/herself would be effectively demonstrating the non-fixed nature of time.

To be fair, if the traveler&#039;s time-journey itself were to unfold deterministically, that particular contradiction vanishes. But then we would still need to deal with the apparent violation of the conservation of mass.  In the timeframe departed there would be a loss of mass, along with a gain in the timeframe entered.  The total mass of the universe would appear to have fluctuated.  This isn&#039;t a problem with movement between spacial coordinates, because the space-traveler is considered necessarily distinct from the frame of reference.  But a time-traveler would continue to be integral to every point along the timeline we imagine him or her traversing, hence the multiplying effect that story writers find necessary.   

In practical terms, we do effectively cross time in nearly the same sense we cross distance--within very limited frames of reference.  Every time we do a &quot;do over&quot; in some activity we reframe a limited set of conditions to approximate an earlier time&#039;s configuration and repeat selected previous actions and avoid certain others.  Every time circumstances allow us to execute a plan earlier than expected, we have, in a legitimate sense, moved the clock foreword.  

That explanation of time travel only feels unsatisfactory to us because it involves such a seemingly small frame of reference compared to the total knowledge available for the given timeframe.  However, we manage quite smartly with equally small frames of reference when we consider crossing distances.  When a person moves from the front of a bus to the back of the bus, we legitimately describe that distance traveled as 25 feet, say, from some menacing passenger.  However, if the bus was traveling at 60mph, we could balk and say that was an absurdly limited observation--she actually moved 300 feet towards the menacing passenger, who just happened to move 325 feet further in the same direction.  We could contextualize the scene even further in terms of the earth&#039;s rotation towards the east, and then the movement of the earth around the sun, then the sun&#039;s movement within the MilkyWay.....  Obviously that would be an impractical contextualization of a bus passenger&#039;s simple attempt to escape a threat.  Yet that is precisely the scope of context we seem to demand of time travel.  If we were to place the same contextual expectation on distance-travel we would say we don&#039;t traverse any significant distance--that we never really stray from our appointed spot in the universe.  For us, distance is always relative to some limited, but practical, frame of reference.  Likewise, time, as we make use of the concept, is always framed within some limited, but practical, set of relevant conditions and causal relationships. 

The unexpected effects of relativity on our perception of mass displacement, seem to have been misinterpreted by some as evidence that what we conceptualize as time can be literally distorted.  In fact, all relativity does is expose the distinction between concept and reality.  What theorists refer to as time-dilation is likely to become recognized as a bit of a misnomer just as &quot;centrifugal force&quot; came to be recognized as a misnomer or as a &quot;fictitious force&quot; based on a non-constant frame of reference.  In both cases, the observed effect is a result of simple inertia rather than something more exotic.   

The observation of relativity could be considered more analogous to the warming or cooling of a viscous liquid than of the distortion of a presumed &quot;time continuum.&quot; Just as molasses increasingly resists flow as it cools, so all mass increasingly resists reconfiguration as it nears a large gravity well or while moving at high velocity.  With molasses, it&#039;s the liquid&#039;s cohesion properties that change with temperature.  With mass, it&#039;s its relative inertia that changes, thereby altering it&#039;s displacement potential.  As it&#039;s inertia increases, so does it&#039;s resistance to the changes that we experience and recall as the passage of time.   

If we were to devise a clock that used a viscous liquid to regulate it&#039;s pace, it would run at different, but predictable, rates depending on the temperature.  If we knew the warmed clock was running at 125% the pace of a room-temperature clock, we could still use it to tell &quot;real&quot; time by doing the math.  This is essentially what has been done with GPS systems to make precise positioning calculations possible.  The clocks on the satellites run faster than the clocks on the receivers because their greater distance from the earth&#039;s center of gravity increases their relative displacement potential by decreasing their relative inertia.   Because Einstein&#039;s formulas make that variance predictable, the positioning calculations are still possible with the addition of some E=mc2 math. </description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>How&#8217;s this for a definition of time&#8230;.</p>
<p>In terms of a quantifiable physical reality, time (duration) is the displacement potential of mass.  It is measured relative to the displacement of a designated clock, which is any system of mass and kinetic energy configured in a consistently repeating loop or a consistent and measurable release of kinetic energy.   </p>
<p>The notion of quantifying displacement POTENTIAL assumes that all matter is subject to the same physical laws governing movement or changes in movement. A limited number of designated clock cycles presumably corresponds consistently with limits realized by the displacement of any other mass.</p>
<p>In terms of a purely conceptual reality, time is the organizational construct through which one observes the dynamics of mass and energy within spatial dimensions.  It functions to logically order and index the succession of mass-energy configurations.  It allows us to index yet-unrealized displacement potential or displacement assumed. </p>
<p>The common conceptual framework of time assumes: </p>
<p>a) The total set of information describing all positions and trajectories of bodies within a frame of reference can be conceptualized as an &#8220;instant&#8221; of that frame&#8217;s total configuration.  Conceptually, there exists an infinite number of successive configurations for every dynamic frame.   </p>
<p>b) Each succeeding configuration can be considered &#8220;now&#8221; as it unfolds from the previous configuration and would share referential simultaneity among all conditions contained within that instantiation.  Referential simultaneity differs from observational simultaneity in that it assumes the possibility of a single point of reference that could serve as the timing point for all dynamism within that frame.  As such, the subsequent passage of referential time would be precisely equal for all matter within that frame, regardless of velocity or influence of gravity.</p>
<p>If a single clock could be referenced instantly from anywhere in a given frame, it would tell referential time.  Such a clock&#8217;s speed would appear either faster or slower depending an observer&#8217;s relative velocity or gravitational influences, but all observers would experience each hour simultaneously.  Since no such clock or ability exists to our knowledge, referential time or simultaneity can only be inferred or approximated rather than observed directly.  </p>
<p>c) All displacement imposed by various forces upon a configuration fall into a cause-to-effect, before-to-after sequentiality. By &#8220;cause&#8221; we refer to the energy transfer.  By &#8220;effect&#8221; we refer to the kinetic yield of all bodies interacting in that transfer.  &#8221;Before&#8221; and &#8220;past&#8221; are cause-ward directional references.  &#8221;After&#8221; and &#8220;future&#8221; are effect-ward directional references.  The past could also be considered source-ward, where the future could be considered yield-ward.</p>
<p>Rational or mathematical models are able to represent change as a smooth and continuous progression, which feeds an impression that time may exist as fourth spacial dimension on a panoramic continuum, similar to that of the distance between x, y, and z coordinates.   Yet, as a whole, very little serious thought is given to traveling backward or foreword in time in exactly the same way we cross distance.  We intuitively understand that any given configuration was (is) the dynamic net result of the energy and inertia that yielded it, rather than the static properties of a particular position along space-time as represented in our conceptual framework. We accept that the only way to return to a specific set of conditions is to reverse-cause enough of the effects that followed those conditions so as to reestablish an approximate do-over configuration.  It is assumed no such power exists with the necessary force and precision to reverse-cause the entire universe back to the exact conditions correlating to a particular rotation sequence of the earth-clock.</p>
<p>As entertaining as the thought of time travel is, it is a self-contradictory concept as commonly portrayed.  When we discuss a body traveling across a distance, we assume a static frame of reference by which to assess the distance crossed, the movable object being the non-static exception.  The idea of traversing time, similarly, assumes a static frame of reference by which to assess the amount of time crossed.   As such, typically, we inadvertently stipulate the entire universe to provide that static timeline, the time traveler being the anomalous exception.  </p>
<p>But if the universe&#8217;s timeline is not fixed with respect to the traveler, there is no reason to assume it to be fixed with respect to everything else, simply because we are able to conceptualize a static timeline in our minds as a frame of reference.  It cannot be assumed that every past moment is literally frozen, waiting for the enigmatic arrival of some time traveler, when the traveler him/herself would be effectively demonstrating the non-fixed nature of time.</p>
<p>To be fair, if the traveler&#8217;s time-journey itself were to unfold deterministically, that particular contradiction vanishes. But then we would still need to deal with the apparent violation of the conservation of mass.  In the timeframe departed there would be a loss of mass, along with a gain in the timeframe entered.  The total mass of the universe would appear to have fluctuated.  This isn&#8217;t a problem with movement between spacial coordinates, because the space-traveler is considered necessarily distinct from the frame of reference.  But a time-traveler would continue to be integral to every point along the timeline we imagine him or her traversing, hence the multiplying effect that story writers find necessary.   </p>
<p>In practical terms, we do effectively cross time in nearly the same sense we cross distance&#8211;within very limited frames of reference.  Every time we do a &#8220;do over&#8221; in some activity we reframe a limited set of conditions to approximate an earlier time&#8217;s configuration and repeat selected previous actions and avoid certain others.  Every time circumstances allow us to execute a plan earlier than expected, we have, in a legitimate sense, moved the clock foreword.  </p>
<p>That explanation of time travel only feels unsatisfactory to us because it involves such a seemingly small frame of reference compared to the total knowledge available for the given timeframe.  However, we manage quite smartly with equally small frames of reference when we consider crossing distances.  When a person moves from the front of a bus to the back of the bus, we legitimately describe that distance traveled as 25 feet, say, from some menacing passenger.  However, if the bus was traveling at 60mph, we could balk and say that was an absurdly limited observation&#8211;she actually moved 300 feet towards the menacing passenger, who just happened to move 325 feet further in the same direction.  We could contextualize the scene even further in terms of the earth&#8217;s rotation towards the east, and then the movement of the earth around the sun, then the sun&#8217;s movement within the MilkyWay&#8230;..  Obviously that would be an impractical contextualization of a bus passenger&#8217;s simple attempt to escape a threat.  Yet that is precisely the scope of context we seem to demand of time travel.  If we were to place the same contextual expectation on distance-travel we would say we don&#8217;t traverse any significant distance&#8211;that we never really stray from our appointed spot in the universe.  For us, distance is always relative to some limited, but practical, frame of reference.  Likewise, time, as we make use of the concept, is always framed within some limited, but practical, set of relevant conditions and causal relationships. </p>
<p>The unexpected effects of relativity on our perception of mass displacement, seem to have been misinterpreted by some as evidence that what we conceptualize as time can be literally distorted.  In fact, all relativity does is expose the distinction between concept and reality.  What theorists refer to as time-dilation is likely to become recognized as a bit of a misnomer just as &#8220;centrifugal force&#8221; came to be recognized as a misnomer or as a &#8220;fictitious force&#8221; based on a non-constant frame of reference.  In both cases, the observed effect is a result of simple inertia rather than something more exotic.   </p>
<p>The observation of relativity could be considered more analogous to the warming or cooling of a viscous liquid than of the distortion of a presumed &#8220;time continuum.&#8221; Just as molasses increasingly resists flow as it cools, so all mass increasingly resists reconfiguration as it nears a large gravity well or while moving at high velocity.  With molasses, it&#8217;s the liquid&#8217;s cohesion properties that change with temperature.  With mass, it&#8217;s its relative inertia that changes, thereby altering it&#8217;s displacement potential.  As it&#8217;s inertia increases, so does it&#8217;s resistance to the changes that we experience and recall as the passage of time.   </p>
<p>If we were to devise a clock that used a viscous liquid to regulate it&#8217;s pace, it would run at different, but predictable, rates depending on the temperature.  If we knew the warmed clock was running at 125% the pace of a room-temperature clock, we could still use it to tell &#8220;real&#8221; time by doing the math.  This is essentially what has been done with GPS systems to make precise positioning calculations possible.  The clocks on the satellites run faster than the clocks on the receivers because their greater distance from the earth&#8217;s center of gravity increases their relative displacement potential by decreasing their relative inertia.   Because Einstein&#8217;s formulas make that variance predictable, the positioning calculations are still possible with the addition of some E=mc2 math. </p>
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